Strategi Peningkatan Daya Saing Industri Bandeng di Kabupaten Indramayu [Increasing Competitiveness Strategy of Milkfish Industry in Indramayu]

Abstract

The fisheries sector played an important role in the formation of national gdp with the capture fisheries and aquaculture sector as the main pillar. Director general of aquaculture claimed that milkfish is an option to increase aquaculture production that has not yet been optimized though it is affordable, rich in the womb nutrition, easy to cultivate, and will raise the income of the coastal communities. West Java were the third largest of milkfish producers in Indonesia and more than half of its production produced in Indramayu. Indramayu had the largest pond potential in West Java. Its production always beyond the target and increased each years. The purpose of this study is to identify the factual condition of milkfish fisheries in Indramayu, analyze industrial competitiveness of milkfish in Indramayu, and find the policy strategy to improve industrial competitiveness of milkfish in Indramayu. The analytical methods used were Porter’s diamond model, gap analysis, and anaytical hierarchy process (AHP). The results of the analysis showed that Indramayu can increase its competitiveness by concern to the several factors, such as increasing the quality of human resources, the creation of accessibility capital resources, strengthening infrastructure, and ease cooperation with supporting industry and related industries. The main factor was capital resources, with main actor and objective were businessman and to increase income of it. The following alternative strategies based on priority were increase production strategy, infrastructure strengthening strategy, cooperation strengthening among stakeholders, counseling strategy, and regulatory improvement strategy.

Keywords: AHP, competitiveness, gap analysis, milkfish industry, Porter’s diamond model

Abstrak

Sektor perikanan berperan penting dalam pembentukan PDB nasional dengan tumpuan utama sektor perikanan tangkap dan budidaya perikanan. Dirjen Perikanan Budidaya menyatakan ikan bandeng merupakan salah satu pilihan untuk meningkatkan produksi perikanan budidaya yang belum optimal meskipun harganya terjangkau, kaya akan kandungan gizi, budidaya mudah dilakukan, dan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat pesisir. Provinsi Jawa Barat menjadi produsen bandeng terbesar ke tiga di Indonesia dan lebih dari setengah produksinya dihasilkan di Kabupaten Indramayu. Kabupaten Indramayu memiliki potensi tambak terluas di Jawa Barat. Produksinya selalu melampaui target dan meningkat setiap tahunnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi kondisi faktual perikanan bandeng di Kabupaten Indramayu, menganalisis daya saing industri bandeng di Kabupaten Indramayu, dan merumuskan strategi kebijakan untuk meningkatkan daya saing industri bandeng di Kabupaten Indramayu. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model Porter’s diamond, analisis gap, dan analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Indramayu dapat meningkatkan daya saing dengan memerhatikan beberapa faktor, yaitu peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia, terciptanya kemudahan akses sumber daya modal, penguatan infrastruktur, serta kemudahan kerja sama dengan industri pendukung dan industri terkait. Faktor utama adalah sumber daya modal, dengan aktor dan tujuan utama adalah pelaku usaha dan meningkatkan pendapatan pelaku usaha. Strategi alternatif berdasarkan prioritas secara berturut-turut adalah strategi meningkatkan produksi, strategi penguatan infrastruktur, strategi peningkatan kerja sama antar stakeholder, strategi penyuluhan, serta strategi perbaikan regulasi.

Kata kunci: AHP, analisis gap, daya saing, industri bandeng, model Porter’s diamond